Module 1: Sampling and Preservation Techniques [4 Practicals = 12 hrs]

1. Sampling and preservation techniques for drinking water quality (Physicochemical, Microbial) and surface water quality (Nutrients, Pollution, Physicochemical)

2. Sampling techniques for ambient air quality: Particulates, gases, and heavy metals

3. Sampling techniques for solid waste and leachate

4. Sampling techniques for agricultural soil quality

Note: The module intends to familiarize with different sampling techniques (Grab, Composite, etc.).

Module 2: Environmental Analytic Techniques [4 Practicals = 12 hrs]

5. Quality Assurance (QA) and Quality Control (QC)

6. Volumetric analysis (Basic Principles, Types)

7. Spectrophotometric analysis (Principle, Examples)

8. Atomic absorption spectrometry (Theoretical approach, Instrumentation, Application)

Note: The module comprises class lectures and demonstrations.

Module 3: Water Quality Monitoring [5 Practicals + 1 Day Field = 21 hrs]

9. Drinking water quality analysis (Temperature, pH, TDS, Alkalinity, Hardness, Chloride, Ammonia, Nitrate, Coliform bacteria, Fe, Mn, As) 

Sample category (Any one – community supplied water/bottled water/treated water/water supplied in hospital)

10. Water quality analysis of surface water (Temperature, pH, EC, TDS, TSS, Free CO2, Alkalinity, Hardness, DO, BOD, Phosphate, Nitrate, Relevant heavy metals

Sample category (Any one – pond/lake/river)

11. Water quality analysis of groundwater (pH, EC, TDS, Free CO2, Alkalinity, Hardness, Ammonia, Nitrate, Phosphate, Fe, Mn, As; Coliform bacteria)

Sample category (Any one – dug well/shallow groundwater well/deep groundwater well)

12. Water quality analysis of wastewater (pH, EC, TSS, COD, BOD, Ammonia, TKN, Total Phosphorus, Coliform bacteria, Relevant heavy metals) and efficiency of wastewater treatment plant

Sample category (Any one – municipal wastewater treatment plant/industrial wastewater treatment plant/natural wastewater treatment system)

13. Water quality analysis of irrigation water (pH, Alkalinity, Hardness, SAR: Ca, Mg, Na)

Sample category (Any one – canal/pond/lake/stone spout/river/spring water)

14. Field visit to water and wastewater treatment plants for water treatment and wastewater treatment technologies.

Students are required to submit a field visit report.

Notes:

1. The classroom practicals are carried out in groups.
2. The students are required to prepare assessment reports after completion of the module.
3. Out of the five practicals, the students are required to prepare two assessment reports based on primary data.

Module 4: Air Quality Monitoring [4 Practicals + 1 Day Field = 18 hrs]

15. Monitoring and assessment (Primary data of at least two parameters - TSP, PM₁₀, PM_2.5, NO_X, SO_X, CO_X, O₃, HC, Pb)

16. Assessment of secondary data

17. Emission inventory using equivalent default emission factors

18. Field visit to industries for air pollution control technologies

Students are required to submit a field visit report.

Module 5: Soil Quality Monitoring [4 Practicals = 12 hrs]

19. Analysis of soil quality in forest land (Texture, Organic Carbon)

20. Analysis of soil quality in agricultural land (pH, Texture, Organic matter, P2O5, K2O, Total nitrogen)

21. Analysis of micronutrients in the soil of agricultural land

22. Analysis of soil quality in contaminated sites (Texture, Relevant heavy metals)

Module 6: Monitoring of Solid Waste and Leachate [2 Practicals + 1 Day Field = 12 hrs]

23. Analysis of solid waste: household, commercial, and municipal (Physical - mass, volume, density, moisture content, physical classification, calorific value)

24. Analysis of leachate from landfill sites (Temperature, pH, EC, Ammonia, BOD, COD, Relevant heavy metals)

25. Field visit to landfill sites for solid waste management technologies

Students are required to submit a field visit report.

Module 7: Monitoring of Noise Pollution [1 Practical = 3 hrs]

26. Measurement and comparison of noise level (equivalent, percentile) in residential, public, and work places

References

1. APHA-AWWA-WEF. (2005). Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater. 21st ed. American Public Health Association, American Water Works Association, Water Environment Federation, Washington.
2. ISRIC. (2002). Procedures for soil analysis. International Soil Reference and Information Centre, Wageningen.
3. MoEST/GoN. (2009). National indoor air quality standards and implementation guidelines. Ministry of Environment, Science and Technology, Government of Nepal, Kathmandu.
4. MoEST/GoN. (2012). National ambient air quality standards. Ministry of Environment, Science and Technology, Government of Nepal, Kathmandu.